service (通过运行初始化脚本来启动或停止服务)

service SCRIPT COMMAND [OPTIONS]

service --status-all

service --help | -h | --version

service runs an init script or upstart job in as predictable an environment as possible, removing most environment variables and with current working directory set to "/.".

The SCRIPT parameter specifies an init script, located in /etc/init.d/SCRIPT, or the name of an upstart job in /etc/init. The existence of an upstart job of the same name as a script in /etc/init.d will cause the upstart job to take precedence over the init.d script. The supported values of COMMAND depend on the invoked script, service passes COMMAND and OPTIONS to the init script unmodified. For upstart jobs, start, stop, and status are passed through to their upstart equivalents. Restart will call the upstart 'stop' for the job, followed immediately by the 'start', and will exit with the return code of the start command. All scripts should support at least the start and stop commands. As a special case, if COMMAND is --full-restart, the script is run twice, first with the stop command, then with the start command. This option has no effect on upstart jobs.

"service --status-all" runs all init scripts, in alphabetical order, with the status command. This option only calls status for sysvinit jobs, upstart jobs can be queried in a similar manner with 'initctl list'.